WorkManager menyediakan artefak work-testing yang membantu dalam pengujian pekerja Anda.
Penyiapan
Untuk menggunakan artefak work-testing, tambahkan sebagai dependensi androidTestImplementation di build.gradle.
Groovy
dependencies { def work_version = "2.5.0" ... // optional - Test helpers androidTestImplementation "androidx.work:work-testing:$work_version" }
Kotlin
dependencies { val work_version = "2.4.0" ... // optional - Test helpers androidTestImplementation("androidx.work:work-testing:$work_version") }
Untuk informasi penambahan dependensi selengkapnya, lihat bagian Mendeklarasikan dependensi pada Catatan rilis WorkManager.
Konsep
work-testing menyediakan implementasi WorkManager khusus untuk mode pengujian, yang diinisialisasi menggunakan WorkManagerTestInitHelper.
Artefak work-testing juga menyediakan SynchronousExecutor yang mempermudah penulisan pengujian secara sinkron, tanpa perlu menangani banyak thread, lock, atau latch.
Berikut ini contoh cara menggunakan semua class tersebut bersama-sama.
Kotlin
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class) class BasicInstrumentationTest { @Before fun setup() { val context = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext() val config = Configuration.Builder() .setMinimumLoggingLevel(Log.DEBUG) .setExecutor(SynchronousExecutor()) .build() // Initialize WorkManager for instrumentation tests. WorkManagerTestInitHelper.initializeTestWorkManager(context, config) } }
Java
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class) public class BasicInstrumentationTest { @Before public void setup() { Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext(); Configuration config = new Configuration.Builder() .setMinimumLoggingLevel(Log.DEBUG) .setExecutor(new SynchronousExecutor()) .build(); // Initialize WorkManager for instrumentation tests. WorkManagerTestInitHelper.initializeTestWorkManager( context, config); } }
Menyusun Pengujian
Setelah WorkManager diinisialisasi dalam mode pengujian, Anda siap untuk menguji pekerja.
Misalnya, Anda memiliki EchoWorker yang mengharapkan inputData, dan sekadar menyalin (menggemakan) inputnya ke outputData.
Kotlin
class EchoWorker(context: Context, parameters: WorkerParameters) : Worker(context, parameters) { override fun doWork(): Result { return when(inputData.size()) { 0 - >Result.failure() else - >Result.success(inputData) } } }
Java
public class EchoWorker extends Worker { public EchoWorker(Context context, WorkerParameters parameters) { super(context, parameters); } @NonNull @Override public Result doWork() { Data input = getInputData(); if (input.size() == 0) { return Result.failure(); } else { return Result.success(input); } } }
Pengujian Dasar
Berikut adalah Uji instrumentasi Android yang menguji EchoWorker. Poin utama yang dapat diambil di sini adalah menguji EchoWorker dalam mode pengujian sangat mirip dengan menggunakan EchoWorker dalam aplikasi sebenarnya.
Kotlin
@Test @Throws(Exception::class) fun testSimpleEchoWorker() { // Define input data val input = workDataOf(KEY_1 to 1, KEY_2 to 2) // Create request val request = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilderE<choWorker(>) .setInputData(input) .build() val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(applicationContext) // Enqueue and wait for result. This also runs the Worker synchronously // because we are using a SynchronousExecutor. workManager.enqueue(request).result.get() // Get WorkInfo and outputData val workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.id).get() val outputData = workInfo.outputData // Assert assertThat(workInfo.state, `is`(WorkInfo.State.SUCCEEDED)) assertThat(outputData, `is`(input)) }
Java
@Test public void testSimpleEchoWorker() throws Exception { // Define input data Data input = new Data.Builder() .put(KEY_1, 1) .put(KEY_2, 2) .build(); // Create request OneTimeWorkRequest request = new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(EchoWorker.class) .setInputData(input) .build(); WorkManager workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()); // Enqueue and wait for result. This also runs the Worker synchronously // because we are using a SynchronousExecutor. workManager.enqueue(request).getResult().get(); // Get WorkInfo and outputData WorkInfo workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.getId()).get(); Data outputData = workInfo.getOutputData(); // Assert assertThat(workInfo.getState(), is(WorkInfo.State.SUCCEEDED)); assertThat(outputData, is(input)); }
Mari kita tulis pengujian lain yang memastikan bahwa saat EchoWorker tidak mendapatkan data input, Result yang diharapkan adalah Result.failure().
Kotlin
@Test @Throws(Exception::class) fun testEchoWorkerNoInput() { // Create request val request = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilderE<choWorker(>) .build() val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(applicationContext) // Enqueue and wait for result. This also runs the Worker synchronously // because we are using a SynchronousExecutor. workManager.enqueue(request).result.get() // Get WorkInfo val workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.id).get() // Assert assertThat(workInfo.state, `is`(WorkInfo.State.FAILED)) }
Java
@Test public void testEchoWorkerNoInput() throws Exception { // Create request OneTimeWorkRequest request = new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(EchoWorker.class) .build(); WorkManager workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()); // Enqueue and wait for result. This also runs the Worker synchronously // because we are using a SynchronousExecutor. workManager.enqueue(request).getResult().get(); // Get WorkInfo WorkInfo workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.getId()).get(); // Assert assertThat(workInfo.getState(), is(WorkInfo.State.FAILED)); }
Menyimulasikan batasan, penundaan, dan pekerjaan berkala
WorkManagerTestInitHelper menyediakan instance TestDriver yang dapat digunakan untuk menyimulasikan keterlambatan awal, kondisi saat batasan untuk instance ListenableWorker dan interval untuk instance PeriodicWorkRequest terpenuhi.
Menguji Penundaan Awal
Worker dapat mengalami penundaan awal. Untuk menguji EchoWorker dengan initialDelay, daripada menunggu initialDelay dalam pengujian, Anda dapat menggunakan TestDriver untuk menandai penundaan awal permintaan pekerjaan sebagai pekerjaan yang terpenuhi menggunakan setInitialDelayMet.
Kotlin
@Test @Throws(Exception::class) fun testWithInitialDelay() { // Define input data val input = workDataOf(KEY_1 to 1, KEY_2 to 2) // Create request val request = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilderE<choWorker(>) .setInputData(input) .setInitialDelay(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build() val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()) // Get the TestDriver val testDriver = WorkManagerTestInitHelper.getTestDriver() // Enqueue workManager.enqueue(request).result.get() // Tells the WorkManager test framework that initial delays are now met. testDriver.setInitialDelayMet(request.id) // Get WorkInfo and outputData val workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.id).get() val outputData = workInfo.outputData // Assert assertThat(workInfo.state, `is`(WorkInfo.State.SUCCEEDED)) assertThat(outputData, `is`(input)) }
Java
@Test public void testWithInitialDelay() throws Exception { // Define input data Data input = new Data.Builder() .put(KEY_1, 1) .put(KEY_2, 2) .build(); // Create request OneTimeWorkRequest request = new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(EchoWorker.class) .setInputData(input) .setInitialDelay(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build(); WorkManager workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(myContext); // Get the TestDriver TestDriver testDriver = WorkManagerTestInitHelper.getTestDriver(); // Enqueue workManager.enqueue(request).getResult().get(); // Tells the WorkManager test framework that initial delays are now met. testDriver.setInitialDelayMet(request.getId()); // Get WorkInfo and outputData WorkInfo workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.getId()).get(); Data outputData = workInfo.getOutputData(); // Assert assertThat(workInfo.getState(), is(WorkInfo.State.SUCCEEDED)); assertThat(outputData, is(input)); }
Menguji Batasan
TestDriver juga dapat digunakan untuk menandai batasan menjadi terpenuhi menggunakan setAllConstraintsMet. Berikut ini contoh cara menguji Worker dengan batasan.
Kotlin
@Test @Throws(Exception::class) fun testWithConstraints() { // Define input data val input = workDataOf(KEY_1 to 1, KEY_2 to 2) val constraints = Constraints.Builder() .setRequiredNetworkType(NetworkType.CONNECTED) .build() // Create request val request = OneTimeWorkRequestBuilderE<choWorker(>) .setInputData(input) .setConstraints(constraints) .build() val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(myContext) val testDriver = WorkManagerTestInitHelper.getTestDriver() // Enqueue workManager.enqueue(request).result.get() // Tells the testing framework that all constraints are met. testDriver.setAllConstraintsMet(request.id) // Get WorkInfo and outputData val workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.id).get() val outputData = workInfo.outputData // Assert assertThat(workInfo.state, `is`(WorkInfo.State.SUCCEEDED)) assertThat(outputData, `is`(input)) }
Java
@Test public void testWithConstraints() throws Exception { // Define input data Data input = new Data.Builder() .put(KEY_1, 1) .put(KEY_2, 2) .build(); // Define constraints Constraints constraints = new Constraints.Builder() .setRequiresDeviceIdle(true) .build(); // Create request OneTimeWorkRequest request = new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(EchoWorker.class) .setInputData(input) .setConstraints(constraints) .build(); WorkManager workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(myContext); TestDriver testDriver = WorkManagerTestInitHelper.getTestDriver(); // Enqueue workManager.enqueue(request).getResult().get(); // Tells the testing framework that all constraints are met. testDriver.setAllConstraintsMet(request.getId()); // Get WorkInfo and outputData WorkInfo workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.getId()).get(); Data outputData = workInfo.getOutputData(); // Assert assertThat(workInfo.getState(), is(WorkInfo.State.SUCCEEDED)); assertThat(outputData, is(input)); }
Menguji Pekerjaan Berkala
TestDriver juga memperlihatkan setPeriodDelayMet yang dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa interval selesai. Berikut adalah contoh saat setPeriodDelayMet digunakan.
Kotlin
@Test @Throws(Exception::class) fun testPeriodicWork() { // Define input data val input = workDataOf(KEY_1 to 1, KEY_2 to 2) // Create request val request = PeriodicWorkRequestBuilderE<choWorker(>15, MINUTES) .setInputData(input) .build() val workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(myContext) val testDriver = WorkManagerTestInitHelper.getTestDriver() // Enqueue and wait for result. workManager.enqueue(request).result.get() // Tells the testing framework the period delay is met testDriver.setPeriodDelayMet(request.id) // Get WorkInfo and outputData val workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.id).get() // Assert assertThat(workInfo.state, `is`(WorkInfo.State.ENQUEUED)) }
Java
@Test public void testPeriodicWork() throws Exception { // Define input data Data input = new Data.Builder() .put(KEY_1, 1) .put(KEY_2, 2) .build(); // Create request PeriodicWorkRequest request = new PeriodicWorkRequest.Builder(EchoWorker.class, 15, MINUTES) .setInputData(input) .build(); WorkManager workManager = WorkManager.getInstance(myContext); TestDriver testDriver = WorkManagerTestInitHelper.getTestDriver(); // Enqueue and wait for result. workManager.enqueue(request).getResult().get(); // Tells the testing framework the period delay is met testDriver.setPeriodDelayMet(request.getId()); // Get WorkInfo and outputData WorkInfo workInfo = workManager.getWorkInfoById(request.getId()).get(); // Assert assertThat(workInfo.getState(), is(WorkInfo.State.ENQUEUED)); }